![]() Imaging can be performed in situ and in real time. Image resolutions of 1 to 15 µm can be achieved one to two orders of magnitude higher than conventional ultrasound. OCT images are two-dimensional data sets which represent the optical backscattering in a cross-sectional plane through the tissue. OCT performs high-resolution, cross-sectional tomographic imaging of the internal microstructure in materials and biologic systems by measuring backscattered or backreflected light. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a fundamentally new type of optical imaging modality. In this paper, we review OCT technology and describe its potential biomedical and clinical applications. OCT can be used where standard excisional biopsy is hazardous or impossible, to reduce sampling errors associated with excisional biopsy, and to guide interventional procedures. OCT can function as a type of optical biopsy and is a powerful imaging technology for medical diagnostics because unlike conventional histopathology which requires removal of a tissue specimen and processing for microscopic examination, OCT can provide images of tissue in situ and in real time. Using OCT in combination with catheters and endoscopes enables high-resolution intraluminal imaging of organ systems. OCT can provide cross-sectional images of tissue structure on the micron scale in situ and in real time. OCT is analogous to ultrasound imaging, except that it uses light instead of sound. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is an emerging technology for performing high-resolution cross-sectional imaging.
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